PCA National Advisory Board Member Carol Dweck is the Lewis and Virginia Eaton Professor of Psychology at Stanford University and author of Mindset: The New Psychology of Success. She graduated from Barnard College in 1967 and earned a Ph.D. from Yale University in 1972. She taught at Columbia University, Harvard University, and the University of Illinois before joining the Stanford faculty in 2004.

In this video, Dweck cites research of college athletes showing that those who thought their coaches valued effort more than talent actually performed better. Dweck emphasizes the importance of coaches being very explicit with athletes in letting them know how valued effort and practice really are. While many coaches may consider that obvious, athletes can just as easily assume that coaches value talent more, which can act as a disincentive for the less talented athletes to put forth maximum effort.